Pre-treatment value of pain, posture, joint ROM and NDI measurements of the groups
| Parameters | Group 1 (n = 15) | Group 2 (n = 15) | Group 3 (n = 15) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 38.73 (26–59) ± 12.3 | 42.27 (27–60) ± 10.64 | 42.07(26–59) ± 10.86 | 0.461 |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 10 (66.7) | 8 (53.3) | 9 (60.0) | 0.762 |
| Male | 5 (33.3) | 7 (46.7) | 6 (40.0) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.4 (19.05–27.04) ± 2.4 | 24.35 (19.47–28.58) ± 2.66 | 24.76 (20.80–29.32) ± 2.72 | 0.284 |
| Pain (VNPS) | 6.40 (5–8) ± 1.056 | 6.80 (5–8) ± 1.01 | 6.67 (5–8) ± 0.97 | 0.562 |
| Posture | 76.33 (65–90) ± 6.93 | 76.00 (65–85) ± 5.07 | 74.00 (65–80) ± 5.07 | 0.496 |
| ROM (degrees) | ||||
| Flexion | 40.67 (35–50) ± 4.60 | 39.73 (35–45) ± 3.36 | 39.73 (35–45) ± 3.49 | 0.874 |
| Extension | 45.00 (40–50) ± 3.46 | 42.27 (35–55) ± 5.67 | 42.33 (40–50) ± 2.94 | 0.072 |
| R Lat. flexion | 34.67 (30–45) ± 4.10 | 31.13 (27–35) ± 2.94 | 32.47 (27–37) ± 3.18 | 0.054 |
| L Lat. flexion | 35.33 (30–40) ± 3.59 | 32.00 (27–37) ± 3.29 | 33.13 (27–40) ± 3.70 | 0.081 |
| R rotation | 48.07 (40–55) ±4.54 | 45.07 (35–56) ± 5.16 | 45.13 (35–51) ± 4.74 | 0.135 |
| L rotation | 48.60 (38–55) ± 4.99 | 45.13 (37–56) ± 4.96 | 46.13 (37–52) ± 4.43 | 0.090 |
| NDI | 27.27 (16–34) ± 5.36 | 30.00 (23–34) ± 3.60 | 28.67 (23–34) ± 3.47 | 0.312 |
Values are presented as mean (min–max) ± standard deviation or number (%).
Min: minimum, Max: maximum, BMI: body mass index, VNPS: verbal numeric pain scale, ROM: range of motion, R: right, L: left, Lat: lateral, NDI: Neck Disability Index, Group 1: conventional treatment, Group 2: conventional treatment plus deep cervical flexor training, Group 3: conventional treatment plus stabilization of the neck and core region.