The Korean Journal of Pain

Table 4

Comparison of the groups and intergroups in terms of volumetric measurements

Measurement	Control group (n = 15)		Study group (n = 15)		BT		AT
Measurement	BT	AT	BT	AT	z	P value	z	P value
Wrist circumference (cm)	21.66 ± 3.73	21.46 ± 3.52	19.88 ± 2.74	17.95 ± 2.79	1.494	0.147	3.025	0.005^a
P value	0.189		0.001^c
Forearm circumference (cm)	27.80 ± 3.72	27.60 ± 3.68	27.98 ± 3.99	24.64 ± 3.61	–0.132	0.896	2.218	0.035^a
P value	0.189		0.001^c
Elbow circumference (cm)	30.33 ± 4.20	30.20 ± 4.07	34.35 ± 4.86	30.16 ± 4.08	–2.422	0.022^a	0.022	0.982
P value	0.334		0.001^c
Arm circumference (cm)	33.63 ± 4.63	33.40 ± 4.27	37.06 ± 5.61	33.46 ± 4.46	–1.826	0.079	–0.042	0.967
P value	0.264		0.001^c
Upper extremity circumference (mL)	224.26 ± 26.64	221.73 ± 26.90	338.66 ± 81.29	249.80 ± 43.08	–3.989	0.001^b	–1.941	0.045^b
P value	0.655		0.001^d

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation.

BT: before treatment, AT: after treatment.

P < 0.05 is statistically significant, ^aIndependent sample t-test, ^bMann–Whitney U-test, ^cPaired t-test, ^dWilcoxon signed-rank test.