The Korean Journal of Pain

Table 3

Comparison of the groups and intergroups in terms of joint range of motion

Motions	Control group (n = 15)		Study group (n = 15)		BT		AT
Motions	BT	AT	BT	AT	Z	P value	Z	P value
Flexion	71.93 ± 16.09	158.66 ± 19.31	76.13 ± 14.29	167.26 ± 14.79	–0.668	0.504	–1.385	0.166
P value	0.001^b		0.001^b
Abduction	31.86 ± 3.97	43.33 ± 2.43	25.66 ± 7.50	43.00 ± 4.03	–2.371	0.058	–0.125	0.901
P value	0.001^b		0.001^b
Extension	82.80 ± 11.57	167.86 ± 13.61	79.26 ± 9.27	172.53 ± 12.28	–1.045	0.296	–1.600	0.110
P value	0.001^b		0.001^b
External rotation	26.40 ± 7.88	40.53 ± 2.85	26.80 ± 8.81	63.86 ± 13.14	–0.212	0.851	–3.445	0.001^a
P value	0.001^b		0.001^b
Internal rotation	27.06 ± 8.86	44.93 ± 5.39	27.66 ± 8.97	65.06 ± 13.44	–0.188	0.832	–4.040	0.001^a
P value	0.001^b		0.001^b

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation.

BT: before treatment, AT: after treatment.

P < 0.05 is statistically significant, ^aMann–Whitney U-test, ^bWilcoxon signed-rank test.